jyotisha-shala

The main purpose of creating this blog is to provide material and guidance to the students of Vedanga Jyotisha who are appearing for BA as well as MA level examinations of Kavi Kulaguru Kalidas Sanskrit University. I hope this effort will be welcomed by all the students of the Vedanga Jyotish and this effort will be useful to them. Dewavrat Buit dewavrat2000@yahoo.com

Tuesday, July 11, 2006

BA PART II : PAPER 1.8

Glossary of Astrology B


BADHAKADHIPATI
Lord of obstructions. A planet, which invariably creates difficulties whenever it gets a chance to do so. Such a planet has the capacity to destroy the auspicious effects of lucky planets. There are several methods of identifying such a planet. The most extensive view is that the lords of the 11th, 9th or the 7th houses in a natal chart become dependent upon the ascendant or its lord, being placed in a cardinal, fixed or in a common sign.

BAHUDHANYA 12th of the 60-year cycle of Samvatsara (q.v.). It is ruled by Brahma (q.v). Individuals born during this year are bestowed with religious learning, skill in different arts, and humility in disposition.

BAHYA RASI Also known as Bhoga Rasi. A term used in Jaimini Astrology for deciding the planetary ruler ship operating at any time. It is identified by counting the Dvara Rasi (q.v.) or the house under consideration from the ascendant, and extending the distance further by the same distance.

BAJRA YOGA A planetary combination under which all benefices (q.v.) are located in the 1st and 7th houses in a natal chart. It makes the individual good-natured and lucky during the first and the last phase of his life.

BALARAMA The elder brother of Krishna. Krishna is regarded as the full manifestation of Vishnu, but Balarama according to some is regarded as his seventh avatara. About his birth, the Vaishnavaites believe that Vishnu took two hairs from his body, a white and a black one which took birth as the sons of Devaki and Vasudeva. and became Balarama Krishna. Balarama. was of a fair complexion while Krishna was of a dark blue color. As soon as Krishna was born, he was carried to Gokula village to preserve his life from the tyrant Kamsa. Another legend states that the foetus itself was transferred from Devaki to Rohini (the personifi-cation of the 4th asterism) who became his foster-mother. Balarama and Krishna grew up together. When Krishna went to Mathura, Balarama accompanied him and effectively supported him till he killed Kamsa. He was very fond of intoxicating drinks. His favorite weapons of assault were club, ploughshare, and pestle. He taught the technique of club fight, the use of mace in assault and defense to both Duryodhana and Bheema, the two heroes of the Mahabharata War fighting from opposite sides. He himself refused to take an active part on any side in the Great War. Balarama was married to Revati, the personification of the 27th asterism. He was considered, according to one view, to be an incarnation of Sesha Naga (q.v.), the mythological serpent that supports the earth on his hood. When Balarama died, a serpent is said to have issued forth from his mouth to go to its divine habitat.

BALARISHTA Period of serious affliction with the likelihood of its causing death during the child's infancy. There are three methods used for calculating it, which are known as Gandaristha, Graharistha, and Patakaristha. The first one occurs if a child is born at certain junction-points of zodiacal signs or of asterisms. The boundaries of Cancer-Leo, Scorpio-Sagittarius, and Pisces-Aries are considered inauspicious for this purpose. One-and-a-half-hour before the end of Ashlesha, Jyestha, and Revati, and the same duration before the beginning of Makkha, Moolam, and Ashwini is likely to cause infant mortality. Graharistha refers to certain weak-nesses of planets at birth. Affliction of the Moon is one such important factor. A weak Moon accepted by malefic, and unsupported by any benefice produces the affliction, especially if it occupies the 3rd, 6th, 8th or the 12th house. In case the Moon is strong and is accepted by the powerful beneficial Jupiter, the evil effect is destroyed. Patakistha depends on intricate relationships between certain zodiacal signs. This affliction is worked out on the basis of certain favorable or antipathy relationships between certain planets and signs. Each sign is assigned certain numerical values based on the planet-zodiacal relationships, on which basis the date of fatality is worked out. (For details see Jyotish Ratnakara, vol. I, pp. 214-39)

BHACHAKRA An imaginary belt around the ecliptic through which the planets traverse during their sojourn around the Sun. It represents a space approximately 90 above and 90 below the path of ecliptic on which all the planets, including the Sun, traverse.

BHADRAPADA, PURVA The 25th asterism extending from 3200 00' to 3330 20' of the zodiac. It consists of 2 stars symbolizing a sword. The Vedic deity Aja Ekapada (q.v.) presides over it. Jupiter owns the asterism. Its primary attribute is sattwa (q.v.) and its motivational impulse is artha (q.v.). It imparts fearlessness to those who are spiritual in temperament, but on the materialistic side, anguish and sorrow result from it. It impels the individual to work for universal unity with courage, vision, and complete detachment. Purva Bhadrapada imparts immensely active impulse: it radically affects the personal life of the individual concerned. (See MSK pp. 245-47)

BHADRAPADA, UTTARA The 26th asterism which extends from 3330 20' to 3460 40' of the zodiac. Saturn owns the asterism and the Vedic deity Ahir Budhnya (q.v.) presides over it. Purva and Uttara Bhadrapadas complement each other; together they are represented by 4 stars, which symbolise the four legs of a cot. The 2 stars assigned to Uttara Bhadrapada are also said to symbolise a twin as well as the number 2. The primary motivating impulse of Uttara Bhadrapada is kama (q.v.); its primary attribute is sattwa (q.v.). Under this asterism opposing forces clash with each other. The asterism is categorized in the warrior class, and it imparts strong determination to persevere, protect, and cooperate with the Divine Plan, notwithstanding any hardship one may' have to suffer. It is considered masculine, active and completely indifferent to worldly matters. It is classified as cow by species, and it lives to provide nourishment to others. The asterism leads the spiritually inclined individuals towards liberation, Nirvana, but if the individual is still on the materialistic side of evolution, it makes him careless, lazy, irresponsible and dull. (See MSVA, pp. 248-50)

BHADRAYOGA One of the five combinations under Pancha Mahapurushayoga (q.v.) Mercury in exaltation or in its own sign occupying a cardinal house either from ascendant or from the Moon produces Bhadrayoga. The combination produces gracious behavior. Another kind of Bhadrayoga is formed by the Moon and Jupiter placed in the 2nd house, the lord of the 2nd house in the 11th house, and the ascendant lord associated with benefices. The combination makes the person learned, intelligent, capable of understanding the feelings of others. He is skilled in many arts.

BHAGA/BHAGA DEVATA Bhaga means female reproductive organ while Bhaga Devata is a Vedic deity who is invoked to bestow affluence, happiness and good luck. Both of them, in Vedic literature, represent the power that leads to light and delight. Explaining the significance of Bhaga or Bhaga Devata among the Vedic gods, Aurobindo states this deity along with Varuna, Mitra, and Aryaman, to be guardians of Light; these four together build up the divine state into its perfection. Together they also represent the essential trinity of Sachchidananda-Existence (Sat), Consciousness (Chit), and Bliss (Ananda) with self-awareness and self-force, chit and tapas. This state of consciousness and perfection is translated into its cosmic terms and equivalents as the four of all-devas-Vishwadevas. Varuna, the king, has his foundation in the all-pervading purity of Sat; Mitra, the happy and the mighty the most beloved of the gods, in the all-uniting light of Chit, many-charioted Aryaman in the movement and all-discerning force of tapas; while Bhaga is the all-embracing joy of Ananda. Bhaga also refers to the Sun, Moon, and Shiva. It presides over Uttara Phalguni (q.v.), the 12th asterism. (See, The Secret of the Veda, pp. 438-46; pp. 463-64)

BHAKTI Derived from the root referring to the act of separation, division; commonly translated to mean love, reverence, and devotion. In religion, it refers to divine love, which brings together the Supreme Self and the separated human individual. Realization of this separation produces intense desire for reunification. It can arise due to grief, mutation, or spiritual perception. Narada (q.v.) classified Bhakti in 11 categories, viz., (i) glorification of the Lord's blessed qualities, (ii) infatuation with divine beauty, (iii) worship-ping, GO constant remembering of the Almighty, (v) serving the deity, (vi) friendly affection towards the various incarnations of god, (vii) devotion towards the Supreme as that of a son, (viii) loving as a married partner, (ix) Self-surrendering, (x) complete identification with the deity, and (xi) experiencing the pain of duality. (See Narada Bhakti Sutra, verse 82) Bhakti cult is based on the philosophy of duality. The separation of the devotee from his beloved causes pain. In order to overcome it, he Pines for the object of his love similar to the craving of Gopis for Krishna. Devotion is said to be of 3 kinds, viz., Sattwic (harmonious), Tamasic (inertial), and Rajasic (full of action with a sense of pride). It is approached equally by the mystics as well as by the occultists, making the approach possible both emotionally and intellectually.

BHANU Brightness; a ray of light; beauty; the Sun, the sovereign. (See, Sun)

BHARADWAJA A Vedic sage, the son of Brihaspati (q.v.) by Mamata, the wife of Utathya, a rishi of great power. Bharadwaja was the father of Drona, the teacher of the Kauravas and Pandavas. The Taittiriya Brahmana describes him as the sage who lived through three lives and became immortal and ascended the heavenly world to unite with the Sun. In the Mahabharata, he is said to be living in Haridwar. In the Ramayana, he received Rama, Sita and Lakshmana at his hermitage when they were in exile. According to Puranic stories, he was adopted by King Bharat. There is also an allegorical story, which states that his mother, the wife of Utathya, was pregnant by her husband as well as Brihaspati. Dirghatamas, the son of her husband, kicked his half-brother out of the womb before the due time, but at this time Brihaspati told the mother 'Bhara-dwa-jam', meaning, cherish this child of two fathers', and this is how the child got his name Bharadwaja. Bharadwaja is one of the Sapta-rishis, the seven sages, of the present Manvantara (q.v.), and represents the special ray of harmony. His basic teaching emphasizes that thirst for life must be given up for redemption from human bondage and sufferings.

BRARANI The 2nd asterism extending from 130 20' to 260 40' of the zodiac. It is ruled by Venus; its presiding deity is Yama (q.v.), the god of death. Artha is its basic motivation, and its primary attribute is Rajas. It consists of 3 stars symbolizing Bhaga, the female generative organ. It is classified as outcaste by caste classification, elephant by species and human being by temperament. The esoteric significance of the asterism is revealed by (i) Bhaga, which also refers to one of the four Vedic gods included under Vishwadevas (q.v.). This god stands for Divine Ecstasy, or Bliss, which is a basic aspect of the Supreme Spirit. The asterism as such produces great delight which may sometimes be followed by material disappointment. The second aspect of the asterism is signified by (ii) Shakti, which as the asterisms primeval element provides the necessary environmental backing for its creative functions. (iii) Yama, the presiding deity of the asterism reveals its third main feature. Yama leads to complete annihilation of everything phenomenal. The asterism is expected to reveal the inner subjective significance of different conditions of existence. (See MSVA pp. 174-76)

BHASKARA [(Bhas = light, lustre) + (kara = to cause)]. A name given to the Sun. It stands for the 'life-giver' and 'the light-maker'.

BHASKARA YOGA A planetary combination formed by Mercury placed 2nd from Sun, Moon 11th from Mercury, and Jupiter in a trine house from the Moon. These conditions imply that Mercury is 2nd from Sun, Moon is 12th, and Jupiter is either in the 4th or the 8th house from Sun. A person born under this combination is courageous, powerful, learned, has deep knowledge of religious scriptures, mathematics and classical music.

BHAVA (i) A house-division in a natal chart corresponding to the signification of a house. In equal house division chart, each house measures 30 degrees and corresponds to a zodiacal sign; these house divisions do not necessarily correspond to an aspect of life as denoted by different house divisions. There are several methods for deciding the extent of different bhavas: the Regiomontanus' house division is one such method of demarcating the limits of a house. Depending upon the latitude, season, and time of birth, the size of different bhavas in a horoscope may be different from one another. (ii) Bhava is also the 8th year in a cycle of 60 Samvatsara (q.v.). It is presided over by Brahma. Persons born during this year are ambitious, skilled in many arts, and fond of flesh-food.

BHAVA KUNDALI The horoscope in which planets are shown in different house divisions worked out on the basis of precise delineation of different bhavas, which are neither necessarily synchronous with zodiacal signs, nor of equal divisions.

BHAVA MADHYA The mid-point of the extension of a house division.

BHAVA SANDHI The borderline between two house divisions. Planets situated at these points are considered ineffective.

BHAVAT BHAVAM An important principle of predictive Vedic astrology. It suggests that the significance of a house is deciphered by the disposition of the same house relative to it. It implies that the significance of, for example, the 2nd house can be determined also by taking into account the 2nd house from the 2nd house, which will be the 3rd house in a natal chart. To give another example, the significance of the 5th house should be decided in conjunction also with the 5th from the 5th house, which will be the 9th house in the horoscope.

BHAVYA YOGA A planetary combination formed by Moon in the 10th house, the navamsa lord of Moon in exaltation, and the lord of the 9th house associated with the lord of the 2nd house. This combination makes a person rich, respected and learned; he may be renowned as a botanist and a collec-tor of artifacts.

BHERI YOGA The planetary combination which is formed in 3 ways: (i) all planets occupy the ascendant, in the 2nd, 7th, and 10th houses; (ii) Venus and the lord of ascendant are placed in a cardinal house from the ascendant, and the lord of the 9th house is strong. (iii) Venus and the lord of Ascendant and Jupiter are in mutual angles and the lord of the 9th house is strong. All these combinations make the individual learned in scientific subjects, practical in mundane affairs, and well provided with wealth and luxuries of life.

BHIKSHU From the word Bhikkhu in Pali language; a mendicant.

BHOGA Experiencing sexual enjoyment; an object of pleasure. The expanded hood of a serpent. RHOGA KARAKA Venus; the planet of affluence and sensual pleasure.

BHOGYAMSA Longitudinal distance traversed (specially in any specific zodiacal sign).

BHOGAYONI [(Bhoga = experiencing of pleasure as well as of sufferings) + (Yoni = womb, female generative organ, a place, a species)] = The individual born to experience the conditions of life imposed on him.] The individuals born primarily to reap the consequences of their earlier karmas (q.v.). It assumes that the present efforts of an individual are not (very much) reflected in the existing conditions of his life, especially the pleasures and sorrows he is made to suffer. Bhoga Yoni refers to such individuals who are born mainly to experience these consequences, while Karina Yoni refers to such individuals who are born primarily to generate fresh karmas and their past karmic fruits are temporarily put in abeyance. They may not be allotted the fruits of past karmas to be born in the given incarnation which they may have to encounter in subsequent births. Devas or the shining ones belong to the first category, while the human individuals generally belong to the latter. In fact, a clear-cut distinction between these two categories among the human individuals is not always possible.

BHRATRI KARAKA Significator of brothers. Apart from Mars which is the natural Bhratri Karaka planet, the lord of the 3rd house and the planet attaining the third highest longitudinal distance among all the Signs also acquires this status.

BHRIGU A Vedic sage and seer. He is called a 'Son' by Manu (q.v.) who confides to him his Institutes, the basic elements of his jurisprudence. Bhrigu is one of the seven Prajapatis (q.v.) and is regarded as the founder of the race of Bhrigus or the Bhargavas in which was born Jamad-agni and Parasurama. Bhrigu also stands as an epithet for the planet Venus and the sage who identified Vishnu as the God worthy of universal worship among the Trinity (q.v.). He officiated at Daksha's performance of sacrifice, yajna; Bhrigu had a beard which at the turmoil ensuing at the yajna was pulled out by Shiva. Blavatsky mentioned that "the very erudite Dr Kenealy made Bhrigu the fourth, out of his twelve 'divine messengers' to the world, adding that his religion spread even to Britain where his followers raised the megalithic temple of Stonehenge". But she added that this is a hypothesis based merely on Dr Kenealy's personal speculation. (See Glossary, p. 57)

BHUJA Arms; sides of a triangle.

BHUKTI Sub-period of planetary ruler ship within the main Dasa Period (q.v.).

BHUMl Land; Earth.

BHUMI PUTRA [(Bhumi = Earth) + (Putra = Son) Earth's Son]. The planet Mars.

BHUPA YOGA A planetary combination formed by the lord of the 5th or 9th house from the sign where & Navamsa lord of Rahu is posited occupying its own sign and expected by Mars. The combination makes the individual born under it victorious in warfare and bestows on him high military status.

BHUTA Means that which is over. Any being, divine, human or others. Mythological, it refers to malignant spirits. In Vayu Purana, Krodha (anger) is said to be their mother. The Bhutas are the attendants of Shiva, who is held to be their king. Metaphysically, the Bhutas stand for that which stimulates sense organs. In the sense of Panch Bhutas or the five primeval elements, they stand for Prithvi (earth), Apas or Jala (water), Tejas or Agni (fire), Vayu (air) and Akasha (ether or sky). (See Panch Maha Bhutas)

BHUTASARGA [(Bhuta = being, past) + (sarga creation)]. The second creation of the elements; the creation of the world; the class or order of created beings.

BIJA (Also spelt as Vija) [bi = to disjoin, scatter, separate; jan = to generate, produce, be born]; seed; semen; germ; to go in different directions; to diffuse. Also implies the cause or the beginning of any chain reaction. The nucleus.

BIJASPHUTA [(Bijam = seed, semen) + (sphuta = bursting forth, manifestation) = possibility of begetting progeny]. A factor in determining the possibility of begetting a child of one's own. Along with kshetra sphuta (q.v.) and progeny tithi sphuta (q.v.) this factor is used in deciding the final outcome. Bijasphuta is applicable to male horoscopes, and kshetra sphuta to female horoscopes; and progeny tithi sphuta is used for calculating the highly opportune date for copulation with a view to begetting an offspring. One method of calculating the child-bearing possibilities is to add the longitudes of the Sun, Venus, and Jupiter in the husband's chart and work out the resultant sign and its navamsa (q.v.). Alternatively, the longitude of the Sun can be multiplied by 4, and that of Venus and Jupiter by 3, and then together, to find out the sign and its navamsa. If both, the resulting signand navamsa are odd signs, the individual is virile with good prospects of begetting an offspring; if both are even, the virility is doubtful. In case one is an odd sign and the other even, the progeny may be delayed but there is a possibility of one's having his own offspring.

BRAHMA (Neuter). The supreme soul of the universe, self-existent, absolute, and eternal from which all things emanate and to which all return. It must be distinguished from Brahman, and Brahma (masculine) (q.v.) (pronounced Brahmaa). Brahma (neutral) is sometimes also known as Brahman (q.v.), which is the impersonal, supreme and unrecognizable principle of the universe, from the essence of which everything emanates and into which everything returns, which is incorporeal, immaterial, unborn, beginning less, and eternal. It is all pervading and infinite in its manifestation, in all nature, animate and inanimate, in the highest god, and is manifested in the tiniest creature. Although not worshipped, it is the object of abstract meditation practiced to obtain absorption into it and thus getting released from bondage and restrictions.

BRAHMA (Masculine) (pronounced Brahmaa): The first member of the Hindu Trinity, the other two being Vishnu and Mahesh (also known as Shiva). He is the Supreme Spirit manifest as the active creator of the universe; the male and the alleged creator, exists periodically in his manifestation only, and then goes into Pralaya, dissolution. In Vedic theology, he sprang from Hiranyagarbha, the mundane or the golden egg deposited by the supreme first cause. Aurobindo states that Brihaspati (q.v.), Brahmanaspati (the deity presiding over Jupiter), and Brahma were considered almost identical by the ancient sages. In the later Puranic theologies, Brihaspati and Brahma became separate deities. Brihaspati did not possess great importance and was relegated as the spiritual teacher of gods, and incidentally as the guardian of Jupiter, while Brahmanaspati, who once linked the two, disappeared altogether. Brahma is the Prajapati, the lord and father of all creatures. He began manifestation by dividing himself in two, male and female. When Brahma created the world, it remained unchanged for one of his days, which lasted for 2,160 million mortal years. Everything, except the sages, gods, and elements in the world are then consumed by fire. When he wakes up, after a similar period of night, he again restores creation, and the process is repeated for a hundred years, measured in terms of the duration of his days and nights. After this, he himself expires, and along with all the gods, sages, and the universe resolves into the constituent elements. Brahma is said to be red in color, has 4 heads, one of his heads (the fifth) having been burnt by Shiva because it had spoken disrespectfully. Brahma has four hands and 8 ears.

BRAHMAN (Also see Brahmin) Generally refers to the highest caste in ancient India, the sacerdotal class, the members of which may be, but are not necessarily, priests. It also refers to the works composed by and for Brahmins; occasionally used as a synonym of Brahma (neuter). As sacred books, they are commentaries on those portions of the Vedas which were intended for ritualistic use and guidance of the dvijas (the twice-born) or the Brahmins. Aurobindo states that Brahman in the Vedas signifies ordinarily the Vedic word or mantra in its profoundest aspect as the expression of the intuition arising out of the depths of the soul or being. It is the voice of the rhythm which has created the worlds and goes on creating perpetually. This vast being, this all-containing and all-formulating consciousness is Brahma. It is the soul that emerges out of the sub conscient in Man and rises towards the super coincident. The word of creative power willing upwards out of the same is also Brahman.

BRAHMANASPATI A Vedic deity; known as the planet Jupiter in exoteric works. This deity is supposed to link together two cosmic creative functions. The all-containing and all-fonnulating consciousness creates the worlds out of the waters of sub conscient by the mantras. The word power is different from the conscious soul power at the root of manifestation. The former, represented by Brihaspati, is an expression of the latter, Brahma. In the name Brihaspati, the two varying stresses are unified and equalized. It is the link between the general and the special aspects of the same deity, variously known as the Divine, the Deva, or the Supreme.

BRAHMARANDRA (Brahma = the Supreme Spirit; randra = a slit, fissure, hole). A term used in yogic literature. It refers to an aperture on the top of the head through which the soul is supposed to exit at death (See Kundalini). A spot on the crown of the head (See Sahasrare) connected with the heart by Sushumna Nadi (q.v.), a nerve in the spinal column.

BRAHMARISHI A great sage belonging to the Brahmin caste. A rishi is a sage or an inspired poet, but the Indian tradition graded them as different orders of Prajapatis (q.v.). These grades are (i) Rajarishi, (ii) Brahmarishi, and (iii) Devarishi. Rajarishi is a royal sage, a man of the kshatriya caste (of princely or royal status) who by his pure and holy life on earth to be a great sage, demi-god has risen to Indra's heaven. Brahmarishis belong to the highest caste and by their austerity and saintliness have attained the wisdom of the Supreme Self. Devarishis are divine sages of the celestial class, who dwell in the regions of the gods, such as Narada. These sages are generally the mind born sons of Brahma or they have attained perfection upon earth and are given the exalted status.

BRAHMAVIDYA The wisdom about the Supreme Self. The knowledge, the esoteric wisdom, about Brahma (neuter and masculine) and his true nature in both the aspects.

BRAHMIN (Also known as Brahman). The first of the four castes, the-sacerdotal class, the members of which may be, but are not necessarily, priests. A Brahmin is the chief of all created beings; his person is inviolate; he is entitled to all honors, and enjoys many rights and privileges. According to Shatapatha Brahmana, Brahmans are the gods who have learnt the Vedas and chant them; they are human gods. The chief duty of a Brahman is to study and teach the Vedas; to perform sacrifices, yajnas, and other religious functions. All the asterisms (q.v.) are classified according to the four castes to indicate their nature, duties, and general influence. Asterisms classified as Brahmans are Krittika, Purva Phalguni, Purvashada, and Purva Bhadrapada.

BRIHASPATI A Vedic deity and preceptor of gods; the planet Jupiter (q.v.).

BRIHAT SAMHITA A celebrated work of astrology by Varaharnihira (A.D. 505-576). The term Samhita means 'compilation, and Brihat Samhita (Major Compilation), encyclopedic in its contents' deals with almost every subject even remotely connected with predictive science. It includes detailed chapters on astrological, seismological, sexual, and psychological subjects. It also dwells upon portents, market fluctuations, gems and precious stones, palmistry, physiognomy and worship of stellar deities. The work is executed in superb poetic language. Al-Beruni, who came to India in A.D. 1030, translated the work into Arabic and introduced it to the Middle East and the West. During recent times, Dr.. Kern translated it in English and it is now available as translated and annotated by many Indian writers too.

BUDDHA The enlightened being who reveals to the world the way to Liberation, Nirvana. To become a Buddha, one has to break through the bondage of sense and personality to acquire complete perception of the Real Self and learn not to separate it from all other selves. (See also Buddha Siddhartha)

BUDDHA SIDDHARTHA The name given to Gautam, the prince of Kapilavastu, the son of king Suddhodhana. Gautam was born in 621 B.C. He left his father's palace to become an ascetic in 597 B.C., became a full Buddha on the full moon night of Vaisakha in 592 B.C. and entered Nirvana in 543 B.C. These dates are given differently by different traditions, though only with slight variations. Siddhartha was the most perfect of all mortal men that the world has even seen. Gautarn Buddha, the fourth of the seven Buddhas and seven Tathagatas, had the most powerful influence in spiritualising the world. He is considered the ninth avatara of the Hindus. (See The Light of Asia by Sir Edwin Arnold) According to Dr B.V. Raman, Gautam Buddha was born on 14 April 623 B.C. at about middday at Lat. 270 8' North, Long. 830 5' East, the planetary position of the epoch is given as Sun 290 Y; Moon 2000 45'; Mars 260 54'; Mercury 530 6'; Jupiter 110; Venus 60 12'; Saturn 240 36'; Rahu 860 54' and Lagna 116045'. Ayanamsa +140 16'.

BUDDHI Universal soul; mind. Cognition of sensations through the sense organs resulting from the interaction of mind (citta) which produces knowledge of the external world. It produces intuitive awareness either of the inherent qualities of an external object or higher spiritual laws and their operations, which are not perceived by consciousness. It is intuitive awareness, resulting from intonations of spiritual illumination. It functions like a mirror reflecting the spiritual, Atmic, messages. In the reverse process it filters the mundane experiences to comprehend the Atmic manifestation. In Sankhya philosophy, Buddhi is the second of the 20 elements involved in manifestation. Astrologically, the Moon reflects Buddhic consciousness and stands as a component of the higher triad, represented by Atma (Sun), Buddhi (Moon) and Manas or Citti (Mercury).

BUDDH Wise, intelligent. The planet Mercury, son of Soma, the Moon, Rohini or by Tara, who was a wife of Jupiter. Buddh married Ila, daughter of Manu Vaivasvata, and from her had a son named Pururava. [Ila or Ida is primarily food, refreshment or libation of milk. She is called the instructress of man.

BUDDHAYOGA A planetary combination formed by Jupiter in ascendant, Moon in a cardinal position from Jupiter, Rahu in 2nd from Moon, and the Sun or Mars in 3rd from Moon. An individual boom under this combination attains renown, erudition, intelligence, and a social status of high order. He does not have enemies.

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